Deus absconditus (Latin: "hidden god") refers to the Christian theological concept of the fundamental unknowability of the essence of God. The term is derived from the Old Testament of the Christian Bible, specifically from the Book of Isaiah: "Truly, you are a God who hides himself, O Yahweh, the Savior" (). Quotes from the English and Greek Bible referring to the hidden God are listed in "Deus Absconditus - The Hidden God" by M.M Nikoletseas pp 21-27[Nikoletseas Michael M. (2014) Deus Absconditus - The Hidden God. ]
This concept was particularly important for the theological thought of the medieval Christian theologians Thomas Aquinas, Nicholas of Cusa,[Nikoletseas Michael M. (2014) Deus Absconditus - The Hidden God. ] John Scotus Eriugena[Nikoletseas Michael M. (2014) Deus Absconditus - The Hidden God. ] and Martin Luther.
"The precise manner in which God is not visible by man is
not always clear, often because of imprecision in translation.
For example in the English translation God hides himself,
while in the Greek translation man cannot see God. In the
case in which man cannot see God we may not necessarily
conclude that God is hiding; there may be other reasons, e.g.
it may be that man is not capable of seeing him. The Greek
verb οἶδα (ᾔδειμεν) stands for knowing, and it may not
necessarily refer to the act of seeing, which may be more
unambiguously expressed by ὁρῶ."[Nikoletseas Michael M. (2014) Deus Absconditus - The Hidden God. ]
Today, the Christian theological concept of Deus absconditus is primarily associated with the theology of Martin Luther and later Protestant theologians. Luther unfolded his views on Deus absconditus in his theological treatise De Servo Arbitrio in 1525. But he had already hinted at this idea in his lectures on the Book of Psalms and in his lecture on the Epistle to the Romans ten years earlier. The opposite of Deus absconditus in Lutheran theology is the concept of Deus revelatus ("revealed God").[E. Jüngel, The Doctrine of the Trinity: God’s Being is in Becoming. 19]
In the Kingdom of France, the concept was important to the Jansenism, which included Blaise Pascal and Jean Racine. The French philosopher Lucien Goldmann would title a 1964 book on Pascal and Racine, The Hidden God: A Study of Tragic Vision in the Pensées of Pascal and the Tragedies of Racine.
See also
Bibliography
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Volker Leppin: Deus absconditus und Deus revelatus. Transformationen mittelalterlicher Theologie in der Gotteslehre von "De servo arbitrio"; in: Berliner Theologische Zeitschrift 22 (2005), S. 55–69;
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Martin Luther: Vom unfreien Willen: dass der freie Wille nichts sei. Antwort D. Martin Luthers an Erasmus von Rotterdam; deutsche Übersetzung von De servo arbitrio, übersetzt von Bruno Jordahn, hrsg. v. Georg Merz; München 1983
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Horst Beintker: Luthers Gotteserfahrung und Gottesanschauung; in: Leben und Werk Martin Luthers von 1526 bis 1546 – Festgabe zu seinem 500. Geburtstag, Band 1; Berlin 19852; S. 39–62
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Cusa. Cardinal Nicholas (of Cusa), Complete Philosophical and Theological Treatises of Nicholas of Cusa: De docta ignorantia. Hopkins. J., Nicholas, A. J. Banning Press, 2001
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Cusa, Nicholas of. Metaphysical Speculations: Vol. two, by Jasper Hopkins, 2000. Translated from Nicolai de Cusa Opera Omnia. Vol. III: De Coniecturis. Edited by Josef Koch, Karl Bormann, and Hans G. Senger. Hamburg: Meiner Verlag, 1972
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Erigenae, Johannis Scoti, De divisione naturae libri quinque; accedunt tredecim auctoris hymni ad carolum calvum ex palimpsestis Angeli Maii. Johannes Scotus Erigena, Christoph Bernhard Schlüter, Angelo Mai Typis et Sumptibus Librariae Aschendorffianae, 1838
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Erigena, J. S. John Scotus Erigena and His De Divisione Naturae: With a Translation of Book One Into English, University of Washington., 1942